ABS 2023
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Finding evidence of social interaction within an egg clutch using network-based diffusion models. �
Jewel Johnson1, Matthew J. Hasenjager2, Jessica Ward1. 1Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States; 2University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Social interactions are crucial among group-living animals, playing diverse roles in communication. While conspecific social interactions are extensively studied in juvenile and adult phases, emerging evidence indicates communication during the embryo or egg stage. Studies across organisms reveal embryos interacting for functions such as synchronized hatching, hatching assistance, and anti-predator strategies. Despite common observations of embryonic communication, the sensory mechanisms facilitating information transfer and how it traverses a clutch remain unknown. This study employs simulated predator attacks on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos, coupled with network-based diffusion modeling. Our pilot data suggest that localized disturbances, such as a predatory attack on one egg, may influence behavior in at least three adjacent eggs in physical contact with the focal embryo. This implies a role for mechanosensory mechanisms in information transfer. The study highlights adaptive mechanisms embryos employ, emphasizing their vulnerability during this crucial stage of life.