Presentation Details
| Decoupled acoustic, visual, and morphological patterns of variation in Andean siskins under high gene flow Agustin I.Casale1, Mirna E.Canio2, 3, Pablo A.Fracas1, Laura Barone1, Sergio O.Lucero1, Belén Bukowski1, Pablo D.Lavinia2, 3, Leonardo Campagna4, Pablo L.Tubaro1, Darío A.Lijtmaer1. 1Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.2Laboratorio de Investigación y Conservación de la Biodiversidad (InCoBIO), Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN-CONICET), Sede Atlántica, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina.34CIT Río Negro, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN-CONICET), Sede Atlántica, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina.4Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA |
Abstract
Secondary contact can drive phenotypic divergence or convergence. We evaluated acoustic, visual, and morphological traits, alongside genetic patterns in four Andean sympatric siskins (Spinus magellanicus, S. atratus, S. crassirostris, S. uropygialis), together with the allopatric S. magellanicus lowland population. Contrary to our expectations of character displacement, the Andean S. magellanicus population sings similarly to its sympatric species, diverging from the distinct songs of its lowland counterpart. This song similarity among Andean species and the highland population of S. magellanicus aligns with their extensive introgression, suggesting that song is an inefficient prezygotic barrier. In contrast, beak and wing morphology remained distinct among species, as did plumage color, with greater similarity between the lowland and highland S. magellanicus populations than the latter to the other Andean species. Ultimately, while acoustic traits mirror patterns of genetic introgression among sympatric taxa, visual and morphological species-level differences persist despite high gene flow, encouraging future studies to disentangle the mechanisms behind these decoupled patterns.
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